How can I estimate statistical power for a structural equation model?
This is a question that often arises when using structural equation models in practice, sometimes once a study is completed but more often in the…
This is a question that often arises when using structural equation models in practice, sometimes once a study is completed but more often in the…
This is a great question and is one that prompts much disagreement among quantitative methodologists. Nearly all confirmatory factor analysis or structural equation models impose…
This is a question we often hear, particularly from students and junior researchers who don’t have access to expensive commercial software for fitting structural equation…
We have worked with statistical models for longitudinal data for more than two decades and this remains a vexing question to us both. There are…
This very common question reflects a great deal of unnecessary confusion about how to select a specific analytic approach for modeling longitudinal data. The general…
Growth curve models, whether estimated as a multilevel model (MLM) or a structural equation model (SEM), have become widely used in many areas of behavioral,…
Continuous distributions are typically described by their mean (central tendency), variance (spread), skew (asymmetry), and kurtosis (thickness of tails). A normal distribution assumes a skew…
This is one of the most common questions we receive and, unfortunately, there are no quick answers. However, there are some initial guidelines that can…
In nearly every discipline within the behavioral, health, and educational sciences, longitudinal data have become requisite for establishing temporal precedence and distinguishing inter-individual differences in…
Many programs can be used to fit multilevel models. For instance, in our multilevel modeling summer workshop, we demonstrate three programs: SAS, SPSS, and Stata.…